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Rogerian Argument Capital Punishment Essay - 641 Words

For years, politicians have been passionately debating the subject of the capital punishment, which has only served to create more divisions within our society. It is an extremely sensitive subject, and one that inspires strong emotions in both directions. Like abortion, gun laws, and the war on terrorism, capital punishment is an issue on which everyone is never likely to agree. If we examine some arguments presented from both sides, opponents of the capital punishment claim that executing someone is nothing more than an immoral, state-authorized killing which undervalues the human life and destroys our respect for our government which itself says that killing is wrong. But the supporters of the death penalty think that certain murderers†¦show more content†¦As we can see arguments from both sides hold some truth in them. So is it really hard to find a solution which would keep both sides happy? I personally believe that one such solution would be to have everyone’s DNA profile data-based at birth, which is in the reach of our modern technology, and use such database to catch criminals. I am sure that it would greatly reduce the risk of punishing innocent people. And I think that the high risk of being caught is much better deterrent for criminals than any other ones. For instance, if we look at peoples driving habits, as soon as they see spe ed camera signs they slow down and then again go over the speed limit as they pass the risk of being caught. Another possible solution might be to start introducing stricter disciplines from the bottom up, i.e. start with disobedient children at schools through teenage and adult hooligans. And only then we might be able to bring up a generation or two of disciplined people who might not need the threat of execution to deter them from committing violent crimes. Works Cited Facts About the Death Penalty. www.deathpenaltyinfo.org. 01 May 2008. 02 May 2008 http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/FactSheet.pdf. Why Abolish the Death Penalty? Amnesty International. Sept. 2007. 10 May 2008Show MoreRelatedWhy the Death Penalty is Ineffective1552 Words   |  6 Pages Why the Death Penalty is Ineffective The society constantly tries to reason with an effective way to respond to violence. Differences in opinion on the use of death as punishment arise from differences in religious, ethical, cultural, and morale perspectives. The role of death as a punishment for an offence has not been solved today, and remains a dilemma for the citizenrys political, legal, social, and religious thought. This is because an answer to the question is the death penalty effectiveRead MoreArgumentative Essay822 Words   |  4 Pagesinferring propositions, not known or admitted as true, from facts or principles known, admitted, or proved to be true. It clearly explains the process of your reasoning from the known or assumed to the unknown. Without doing this you does not have an argument, you have only an assertion, an essay that is just your unsubstantiated opinion. Argumentative essays are often organized in the following manner: 1. They begin with a statement of your assertion, its timeliness, significance, and relevance in

Relevance of Fit Between HR Strategy and Business Strategy Free Essays

Nadler and Tushman (1980) defined congruence or fit as â€Å"the degree to which the needs demands, goals, objectives and/or structure of one component are consistent with the needs, demands, goals, objectives, and/or structure of another component† (as cited in Boon, 2008). Fit between HR Strategy and business strategy According to U.S. We will write a custom essay sample on Relevance of Fit Between HR Strategy and Business Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Office of Personnel Management (1999), fit between HR strategy and business strategy means to integrate decisions about people with decisions about the results an organization is trying to obtain. To be able to achieve fit between HR strategy and business strategy, the HR Managers have to identify the real goals of the business, the business way, how to reach the goals and the real needs of the business from Human Resources (Luke, 2010). Some management tend to put the needs of their employees first, but this is not what the business usually asks for. Fit operates vertically and horizontally (Scribner et al, 2008). Vertical fit refers to the alignment of HR practices with the specific organizational context, and horizontal fit refers to the alignment of HR practices into a coherent system of practices that support one another (Delery, 1998). Relevance of fit between business strategy and SHRM The central debate about fit between HR strategy and business strategy is one of the most important to emerge in recent years (Helen Newell and Harry Scarbrough, 2002). It hinges on two broad approaches: the ‘universalistic’ and ‘contingency’ (Natalie Turner, n.d). The universalistic perspective â€Å"best practice† argues that some HR practices are universally effective; regardless in which context they are implemented (Boom, 2008). These practices include items such as (Newell Scarbrough, 2002), employment security, selective hiring, self-managed teams or team working, high pay contingent on company’s performance, extensive training, reduction of status differences, and sharing information (Pfeffer Veiga, 1999). Pfeffer Veiga believe that if these policies are followed, they would always result in organisational success. The universalistic theory is also based on the assumption that HR practices observed in high-performing firms can be transformed to other companies with the same results (Armstrong, 2009). In contrast with universalistic thinking, contingency scholars argued that HR strategy would be more effective only when appropriately integrated with a specific organizational and environmental context (Chang Huang 2005). This approach infers that the choice of HR strategy depends on the firm’s business strategy (Newell Scarbrough, 2002). The approach is more akin to the idea of strategic fit because it claims that the optimal HR strategy choice depends on the unique characteristics of the individual organisation (Natalie Turner n.d), or the organisation’s strategy (Newell Scarbrough, 2002). For instance, a cost-reduction business strategy would require a different set of HRM policies than a strategy based on innovation. â€Å"An HRM strategy to fit with cost reduction might require deskilling, management control and downward pressure on wages. In contrast, one aimed at innovation would be likely to foster employee skills, autonomy and competitive wages† (New ell Scarbrough, 2002:28). Other models have also emphasised the relevant of fit between HR strategy and business strategy. These include the Matching model, Life Cycle model, Harvard Model, and the behavioural perspective. The matching model argues that human resource strategies have a tight fit to the overall strategies of the business (Association of Business Executives, ABE; 2010). The basic premise of the life cycle model is that, as organisation grows and develops, human resource practices and procedures must change to meet it needs (Armstrong, 2009). Authors of Harvard model argue that any inconsistency between internal human resource management practices and competitive strategy is likely to lead to role conflict and ambiguity that can interfere with individual performance and organisational effectiveness (ABE, 2010). The behavioural perspective infers that firm’s business strategy must be matched with the specific HR policies and practices, which will elicit particular sets of employee attitude s and behaviours to foster success (Wang Shyu, 2007). Baron and Kreps (1999) also argue that besides the fit between the individual practices, the HR system should fit with the broader context of what the firm is trying to do, such as the external environment, the workforce, organization’s culture, organizational strategy, technology of production and organization of work. According to Boxall (1992), â€Å"HRM cannot be conceptualized as a stand-alone corporate issue. Strategically speaking it must flow from and be dependent upon the organization’s (market oriented) corporate strategy†. Importance of fit between an organisation’s business strategy and its HR strategy Evidence have shown that to achieve superior organisation performance, there must be a distinct link between human resource strategies and organisations business strategies (ABE, 2010) An excellent example of a company that has matched its business strategy to its human resource strategy is the Lincoln Electric Company in USA. A producer of electrodes and welding machinery, Lincoln is also a cost leader. Lincoln focuses on hiring individually motivated, high performers. These individuals have their compensation tightly linked to their output with laid-down minimum quality levels. A substantial portion of the company’s profits is also distributed to employees at the end of the year based on an individual merit rating that is computed from output, ideas and cooperation, dependability and quality. Lincoln’s innovative HR strategy enabled it to gain, by 1995, a market share of 36% in the otherwise fragmented US market for welding equipment and supplies. (Source: Krishnan, 2005). Also, organisations are now using HR strategy to further strategic aims. For example, At Conventry Building Society, the strategic aim was to keep the business as it was – one of the few remaining mutual – but to reduce staff turnover. The society aligned its employee relations with its customer value, enshrined in the slogan â€Å"TLC not plc.† It switched from a traditional reward structure to a team-based pay and a benefits package called â€Å"TLC for staff† (Source: ABE, 2010). Factors that determine fit between HR strategy and business strategy Fit between HR strategy and business strategy is influenced by both external and internal factors. Some of these factors are discussed briefly below. Technological changes: Technological advances alter jobs, create new skills, make occupations obsolete, and revise what employees need to lean and be trained to do (Ozutku Ozturkler 2009). Legislation/regulations: For example, the National minimum wage introduced by labour party in England had a significant effect on costs which has led to changes in employment practices in some industries and changes to personnel policies (ABE, 2010). Employee knowledge and skills: Employees knowledge and skills directly affect the quality and performance of the HR system (Wright Snell 1998). Arguably, more knowledgeable and skilful employees will have competencies to understand and enact a variety of HR practices, such as those designed for a firm’s specific strategy (Wei, 2006). Culture: Several evidences have shown that culture plays a critical role in determining the right HR strategy to adopt. For example, when Lincoln Electric Company applied its HR strategy in ventures acquired outside the United States, it failed because of difference in culture both at societal and organisational levels (Krishnan, 2005). Life cycle stages: Organizations go through evolutionary life cycles, and the stage in which an organization finds itself in an industry affects the HR strategies it should adopt (Armstrong, 2009). Industry/sector characteristics: In analysing HR practices, classification of organisations as manufacturing and service firms is considered. This is because; different production processes necessitate different HR practices (Ozutku Ozturkler 2009). How to cite Relevance of Fit Between HR Strategy and Business Strategy, Essay examples

Classification of nigerian architecture Essay Example For Students

Classification of nigerian architecture Essay It portrays the Historical Style (represented by he European, Brazilian and North African Trends) through Traditional Architecture and the Modern Style (with the International Style, the New West African Style and the PostModern Trend). There is a very weak link between the Historical Style (including Traditional Architecture), and contemporary modern architecture of Nigeria. The Historical Style reveals how architects can draw inspiration from historical heritage as evidenced by the Regional Trend of contemporary Nigerian architecture. The author studied the work, ideas and aspirations of some leading architects in the country in order to see owe the trends and styles of this genealogy relate logically to the contemporary situation. The presentation of contemporary masterpieces gives a general overview of the recent situation and identifies the basic problems that the designers are facing. Keywords: Style: Distinctive or characteristic expression of architectural ideas, as of a specified period in history. Trend: To have a tendency or prevailing direction: general tendency. The period embraced by this presentation spans a few centuries starting from pre-colonial times and ending with recent developments. The genealogy s portrayed by a model of evolution in Nigerian architecture (Fig. 1). The inspirations were drawn from such architectural critics as Keno Tangent, Louis Khan, Dad Louis Hustle, Nikolas Vesper and Charles Senses to mention a few. This paper often relies on some recognized movements newly defined. UT some trends are A basic distinction in Nigerian architecture can be made between the North and the South, and this is best pronounced by Traditional Architecture and Traditional Style. The strongest influences on indigenous architecture were the introduction of Islam into Northern Nigeria, the return of the slaves from the Americas (especially Brazil), and colonization. The Historical Style consists of the European Trend followed by the Colonial Style. The Brazilian Trend evolved into the Brazilian Style while the North African Trend evolved into Sudanese Architecture. The blend of Traditional Architecture and Historical Styles formed Vernacular Architecture. Before considering the historical influences, a mention should be made of antiquity. The Nook civilization developed in the central part of Nigeria present territory between 500 BC and 200 BC. Possessing the knowledge of iron, these grassland people moved into the forest country (Clarke 1984) and that was when people Set up new homes at Fife and other places. The Hausa were then a number of different people. Although knowledge of the achievements of the Nook civilization is wide it is difficult to imagine the form of their settlements. On the contrary knowledge of the architecture of the Middle Ages is rather extensive. Outline1 3. 1 Traditional Architecture and Traditional Style2 3. 2 The European Trend and the Development of the Colonial Style3 3. 3 Brazilian Style4 3. 4 The North African Trend and the Development of Sudanese Architecture5 3. 5 Vernacular Architecture6 4. 0 Modern Style7 4. 1 International Style8 4. 2 Pure Modern9 4. 3 High-Troop10 4. 4 Low-troop 3. 1 Traditional Architecture and Traditional Style The more stable and enduring towns of pre-colonial Africa developed because of the intense ritual of market activity. Oliver (1976) called these cities pre-industrial cities, which were theatres of competition for the symbols of power and material well being. Initially, some towns emerged as collecting points for wandering immigrants who used their favorable locations as spiritual or cultural bases for subsequent territorial expansion. For the Hausa and Your, Durra and Fife respectively became spiritual springboards for the establishment of extensive empires. In a city like Kane, group masons and other specialized trades could be found in the past, basic elements off real building industry. From the 1 5th century, the mosque was one of the cost prominent buildings in Hausa towns. The basic house walls were often dad of mud. In the Your zone of Nigeria the chief Ads (Boobs) palace and the market place dominated the central areas of well-planned cities like Ill-elf (1 lath century), Leash and Kite. The populace lived in compounds each of which had a large house set in a square-shaped space bounded by a high wall. Some were more than a half-acre in size and provided living space for a large family and kinsmen. There was only a single entrance. Inside, the compounds were divided into numerous rooms. Until the early twentieth century, most of the compounds as well as the Boobs palace were roofed with thatch. The conclusion can then be drawn that in the Traditional Style the roofs of the houses were constructed to thatch, but quite early in the development to Northern Nigerian towns the thatched roof was replaced by the flat or dome-shaped mud roof (Fig. 2). The climate, human physiology and geography led to the development of curvilinear, conical and mud-roofed structures in the North and the rectilinear thatch-roof mud houses of the South (Daytona 1986, p. 5). Manner to the expansion of world trade. According to Payne (1977), Oh cash economy had developed and was well able to exploit the benefits of international trade for internal development. Three factors combined to make a radical transformation of the Nigerian scene in the 19th century the Muslim Jihads and Your civil wars, European exploration and missionary efforts, and a revolution in trade. The influence of Britain started mainly through the trade of slaves in the 18th century, which was however brought to an end in the middle of the 19th century. On Hacienda Luisita EssayThis style is well represented by the architecture created by architects of the older generation who ere trained abroad in modern ideas. This architecture is best portrayed by the term Pure Modern. The International Style is also represented in Nigeria by high rise buildings portrayed by the term High-Troop and by housing for the low income group referred to as Low-Troop architecture. More than one third of modern buildings in Nigeria urban centers belong to the International Style. The 51 buildings are designed here along with modern ideas with the use of clean forms like cubes, cuboids or compositions of simple geometrical solids. They explore the ideas of simplicity and functionality. 4. 2 Pure Modern Some of the young architects (foreigners) who were behind the first modern buildings came to Nigeria as to an unknown exotic country. All Nigerian practicing then were also educated abroad. They came with all the hopes and dreams the new generation had about modern architecture. Perfection was attained by Arc. Alumina in his Management House on Audio Taylor Street at Victoria Island in Lagos. It is only through working and reworking that the idea of a brain was embodied in architectural form. The design for the Faculty of Education in Abidjan by Deli Engage and Partners completed in 1976 UT unfortunately only partly built, is very simple. It pronounces the architecture of modern pioneers. Excellence was attained by James Cubit in the Senate Building at ANNUAL and Mobil Building- both in Lagos. National Oil Chemical Marketing Company Building (Eagle House) in Lagos and Broking House in Abidjan by Design Group Nigeria are valued here particularly for the first level which refer to human scale. Only on rare occasions one is able to perceive a whole the building is usually seen in pieces trot the perspective to a pedestrian. Buildings like the Attlee block on Abraham Await Road in Kane by Fem. Macedonia Associates having a perfect location constitute a strong accent with its polygonal shape on plan and its transparency contrasting with more solid concrete surfaces. Fem. Macedonia Associates are also the authors of BRI Building in APIPA, Lagos where they made use of reflecting surfaces to create an abstract image of piercing solids. In ANAL Towers at Marina in Lagos the bright white wall surfaces contrast sharply with elegant dark strips and wide window bands. This same idea is used by Multi-systems in the proposal for Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank at Baja. In conclusion it can be said that this presentation concerns very elegant but extremely expensive structures. There are numerous good examples because according to Perusal-gunshot (1993, p. 217) 36% of buildings in Nigeria were designed in the International Style and very many of them belong to the Pure Modern Trend. 4. 3 High-Troop A proud architecture High-troop architecture is an architecture of glass boxes. The buildings in that trend are extra modern and use high technologies, reflective glass and central air conditioning. To this group belong mainly banks and offices especially in Lagos. This roof will normally embrace buildings from five floors and above. The risk for people in such buildings starts beyond the reach of turntable ladders because the Nigerian fire fighting capacity is entirely ground based. The High-Troop trend does not necessarily follow Amnesia formulas for tall buildings. The buildings which explore different meanings are: IAMB Building, Victoria Island, Lagos (1985), by Incase Architects (Fig. 4), and First Bank Headquarters in Lagos (1982/83) by Ronald Ward Associates. The forms of the buildings are in contradiction to what the bureaucratic movement with pure forms ND curtain walls of skyscrapers in America represent. 2 Figure 4: High Troop. IAMB Building, Victoria Island, Lagos by Incase Architects. Source: Photograph by Arc. O. A. Dromedary. 4. 4 Low-troop The architecture of the masses Low-troop Architecture represents architecture to the masses, architecture of draughtsman, and low income estates reminiscent of monotonous housing estates in Eastern Europe. Here apart from lack of good aesthetics, the standard of living is very low. Common are Face me I face you apartments, bungalows or two-storey houses. When constructing, local materials and local labor re used. (Zoom, 1997). This architecture can be easily observed in cities and suburban areas and it shapes the landscape of Nigerian Architecture. This is probably the most challenging area for architects, to find ways and means to influence this architecture to make it more human but not more expensive. Here the call of Buena Associates for innovations is somehow answered by Triad Architects who designed screen wall elements (blocks), which allow for privacy and air penetration. They applied the blocks in the Political Party Offices all over Nigeria and even started its local production in Sudan. In James Cubit Architects buildings although air conditioning is assumed, and they use tinted or reflective glass usually there is a provision for cross ventilation as in Mobil Building in Lagos (1991) with its atrium. Cross ventilation is particularly valued in buildings by Deli Engage and Partners and by Niger Consultants. Climate plays a very dominant role in Alumina and Associates architecture. Alumina recognized the importance of vegetation and believed in incorporating water into design (Management House, Architecture House and Eke Meridian Hotel in Lagos).

Avoid War essays

Avoid War essays In the years 1793-1810 war with England and France was avoided. America was at a time where they had to choose their friends from their enemies. By doing so they tried to avoid war. The reason was because they had an enormous debt to pay. The war between France and America was avoided because of the Franco-American Accord of 1800 and the war between America and England was avoided because treaties were signed such as Jays treaty and acts were passed such as the Alien Enemies Act. Tension was breaking out between France and America because of Jays Treaty. This caused problems because France thought America was siding with Great Britain. In Jay's Treaty with Great Britain (1795) it was agreed that enemy property on neutral ships should be confiscated and that neutral property on enemy ships was allowed. The French saw Jay's Treaty as a violation of the treaty of 1778, a betrayal by the United States that France had helped to free and saw the United States as now allied with Britain. The French passed new laws affecting American trade. This is how tension grew more with France, however decreased with Britain. Adams sent three commissioners to Paris to avoid a war. The French foreign minister demanded a large bribe to initiate talks and an American loan of $12 million. This was known as the XYZ Affair. This diplomatic incident in 1789 caused Congress to upgrade the navy, which was weak since the Revolutionary War. Forty new ships were built from funds. In 1798, an undeclared naval war between the United States and France erupted. This was known as the Quasi-War. What put a stop to all this nonsense between these friendly nations was the Franco-American Accord of 1800. This was a settlement reached with France that brought an alliance. The United States had to surrender all claims against the French for damages done to American shipping during the Quasi-War. This brought a closer relationship with France and ended all t...

Future of DL essays

Future of DL essays If you do not work, then you do not eat. This was a constant word of wisdom that my mother installed in me from the time I started my first job as a teenager to as I packed my last few bags to move into my apartment heading for college. It was told to me so repetitively that I still carry that survivor quote with me to this day. It was a way of explaining to me that in the real world as long as you have money and education then you will never go without anything that is earned to you. With the way the economy is now an education is essential, and being a college student, well money is not quite that good and working is the only means of support especially if you stay off campus and parents stop loaning you money. With technology changing and advancing at such a dramatic rate it seems as though it has enabled for the pace and time invested in work to increase. With this increased investment in work it is causing an effect of making it almost impossible to attend on-site courses full-time. When a issue of money and education poses a problem for individuals, especially when their need for both are extremely important to them then they will seek any alternative to provide a means for both to become available. Introducing the answer to all individuals money and education problems. A new learning model introduced to the education world by the name of Distance Learning. I feel that in the future it will remain to be structured around the boundaries of pace and time, allowing the individual to have the ability to work full time to provide a means of living. Also by enabling school attendance full time to give the individual a chance to obtain the desperately seeking degree that is wanted to provide a better means of living. Although it sounds so great there has still been many places that havent pushed to implement this new breed of technology due to the newness of this educational delivery. ...

Innovation, knowledge and learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Innovation, knowledge and learning - Assignment Example Knowledge management is undertaken with great zeal and initiative in today’s organizations and accounts for a key success factor for them too. It primarily addresses the ways in which organizations might manage the knowledge existing within its systems and its employees. It also provides the basis on which information technology may be used for leveraging the existing knowledge and creating or generating new knowledge too. A more effective solution is reached at when this knowledge is transferred or integrated into sets of policies for capturing and generating more knowledge. The firms are considered to be a network of relationships existing between individuals, groups and sub units who are further embedded into a broader network of relationships with competitors, customers, suppliers, and other organizations. However, the superficial aspects of contexts and problems would have to be eliminated for the transfer of knowledge to be successful. This is also true that in cases where knowledge is applied inappropriately or in such contexts where is does not fit rightly, it is likely to result in fall in performance. That is why the topic of knowledge transfer has attained great importance and the field of research. (Baum, 2002, p.198). The project seeks to make a critical evaluation of an article on knowledge management through making a comprehensive review of the case study of ‘InTouch’ within Schlumberger. It evaluates the ways in which knowledge is created, mobilized and diffused within the organization. The analysis of the paper in conducted w ith the use of adequate academic references. The project is conducted using qualitative research techniques in which the literature review provides critical analysis of the researches conducted before providing statements for or against the topic; and the data analysis is done using secondary research techniques. The data are integrated and compiled to arrive at the research findings and analysis. Critical Literature Globalization and the innovation are very closely related in the modern era. Globalization is one of the most important events of the civilization (Ervin, Smith, 2008, p. 7). The concept has brought immense changes in the thinking process of the human beings and development of new ideas and innovations in the world. Innovation is used in every field of the social behaviour of human beings and new things are generating every day for the enhancement of the lifestyle and business processes. Innovation in the field are also used in the industries and for the enhancement of the business functions knowledge management system is the latest technology used to build a knowledge base for the employees in the organization for the learning and innovation process. According to the author Robert Thierauf, in a knowledge management system the most important aspect for the firm is the storing of data which acts as the real knowledge of the firm. The collective knowledge of the different employees and the experiences from the different sources of the organization are organized at a single database for discovering at later stages (Thierauf, 1999, p. 72). But on the contrary by the author Stuart Barnes, knowledge reflects a phenomenon which is very difficult to quantify as it is the most difficult activity to segregate knowledge from other activities. Each and every aspects of the daily life can be a dynamic source of knowledge for everyone. Rather than its theoretical aspect it is more about practical implementation of the daily understanding of business processes (Barnes, 2002, p. 99). According to the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), organizations need to evaluate their activities and implement strategies for building an efficient

Dietary supplements (e.g vitamins,herbal extracts,etc) Research Paper

Dietary supplements (e.g vitamins,herbal extracts,etc) - Research Paper Example Amino acids, which are the individual building blocks of proteins, are part of these substances. The supplements can come in form of pills, tablets, capsule, or liquid form. They add to the usual daily diet and must not be considered for food. They are widely available and some people take them for healthy purposes or because of health related complications. Minerals and vitamins are the common supplements. They include vitamin C or multivitamin, herbs and plants and natural source substances like omega-3 fatty acids. The supplements, according to the processors, contribute to well-being and health maintenance, but may treat, diagnose, or prevent infections or disease. Many people have used the ingredients for many years to treat illness and help health. At times some of these supplements are a basis for common medicines today. For instance, willow bark tea, for centuries, has been a fever control mechanism. Phamceutical firms eventually realised that it contained a chemical that helps in fevr reduction and used the knowledge to come up with aspirin (HOLLENSTEIN, 2007). The researcher used random questionnaires to collect information from people around his locality. The questionnaire had questions related to the necessity of using dietary supplements. Some of the questionnaires were online while the researcher distributed others manually to collect information locally and internationally. The method used was survey questioning where information from online questionnaires was compiled and related with that of the other respondents. They do provide a nutritional support to the body of a human being and help in meeting optimal nutrient levels to ensure health from the baseline. 35% of the respondents believe that dietary supplements are good for consumption, 4% think that some of them prevent influenza, 2% take them for boosting their immune, 10% support its consumption

The Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis Essay

The Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis - Essay Example The monastic tradition, through the history of the Church, has gone through drastic changes and the religious rules of the monastic people were formulated by the monastic traditions of each period. The Rule of St. Benedict was the most prominent religious rule in the sixth century which was formulated according to the demands of the time. There was drastic change in the way the religious rules of monasticism were formulated and the views regarding such rules changed from one monastic tradition to another. A comparative analysis of the selection of readings from the Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis drawn from the Christian Monastic tradition in the textbook explicitly suggests the different contexts of the monastic tradition. It is most essential to consider that both of these texts, despite their apparent differences, make sense in the context of the monastic traditions as they reveal the characteristics of the religious rules concerning monasticism in the various p eriods of Church history. The selection from the Rule of St. Benedict which belongs to the first half of the sixth century tells about the rules concerning excommunication for faults and it hints the severity of the religious rules of the period. The Rule of St.

Causes of Deterioration in Buildings

Causes of Deterioration in Buildings In this report Im mainly focusing on deterioration in buildings, needs of planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance, relationship between design, construction, maintenance and cause of dilapidation. Hopefully it is very important report to improve your knowledge. Causes of deterioration in building When we talking about this question there are many reasons for deterioration in buildings, many of them having to do simple with reveal to the elements. Building deterioration is mostly depends on what type of building the time period, building is maintain. The main example we can take is, when we talking about the external walls of the building most of the time this walls get caught to the rain, frost etc. so when we are not doing the maintenance in time period the entire building will deterioration due to the cause. Not only this issue we can discuss for deterioration of building, we can list the primary source and causes of deterioration and decay in structures and buildings such as; Human Chemicals Atmospheric Structural Moisture Fire Faulty design Faulty construction Faulty materials Faulty systems Cleaning Vandalism When we talking about these topics human are the main cause of deterioration in buildings. Talking about one by one, failure to clean and carry out routine maintenance is a cause of deterioration of building. Because most of the sites we can see after finishing their day work they not clean the site. Sometimes when we coming at next day we cannot walk in the site even. Because of that hazards are everywhere in the site. Sometimes when client coming to check whether the works are going on that day every single worker are cleaning the site keep the site looking perfect. But when we going next day site is not clean. Because they not continuing their work, there was no any special plan to clean the site.so this issue will mainly cause for the building. Other thing is failure to employ specialists for cleaning special fittings and equipment. It means some materials and stuffs cannot clean for the normal cleaning worker. We need to provide special people for the cleaning. If we not provid e special workers for this it will be an issue for the building. Other thing is we need use correct cleaning materials and techniques for a building. Because most site supervisors are not works up for these cleaning things. So worker not use correct materials and equipment. Sometimes it also deteriorates the building. The thing is before we starting the project we have to inform or we have to give advice for the workers about keeping the site clean when you are finishing the work. Then we can avoid from this cause. The other thing we can see is ignorance of the causes of deterioration and decay. It means some workers they dont know the effect of the things such as moisture, fire etc. they dont know these things are cause of deterioration in building. Because most of the bass other helpers are not well educated people. They know only the basic stuffs of their professions. So they work without any risks. But some are very ignorance people, means they dont care about those rules stuffs. They do what they like to do. So the thing is site manager or the site supervisor need to handle these problems. Other thing we can see is poor planning for proper maintenance. Some of the site we can see the poor planning all over the project. Because when we starting a project we need to have plan for the entire project and after we finishing the project we need to have a plan for the maintenance. Most of the people dont have any plan after the project. Why we saying like this is for an example when we take a lift. We need to have maintained every 14 months after it fixed. Because when the lift is working the lift cables are ablate. So when we not maintain the lifts again the hazards are over coming. Likewise we need to have proper maintains to the buildings such as we need to paint the house every 6 month time or 1 year time, we need to check the plumbing works we need to checks the electrical works etc. The other thing we see is adopting a negative attitude of waiting until emergency measures are required. It means most people are waiting until accident happen to start their maintenance. Because they are not thinking about the future, if this happens what happens to the whole building. Even in the site also this issue happens like imagine the scaffoldings are not check before starting the work. Everyone knows there was a hazard we can expect. But the supervisor doesnt take any reaction for this issue. Basically what happens is when workers are working on the scaffold, if scaffoldings are not fixed all the workers on the scaffolding in danger. So we need to check before it will cause an accident. We can specify these issues under faulty of construction. Because most of the causes of deteriorations are based on human. When we talking about construction during any construction work we have to do certain things such as excavating trenches, foundation, concrete putting, form work, masonry work etc. we all know these things are doing according to a standard specification. Because when we are not constructing those things including high standard the entire building can deteriorate in 2-3 years. For an example we need to excavate 5m to see the good soil for the construction. But sometimes the workers are excavating 4m and saying these is that selected soil same as for the trenches. So we need to have lack of super vision for these construction periods. Also we can combine the faulty materials under faulty construction and also the faulty systems. Talking about faulty systems it is mainly based on building services engineering. Because sometimes the building engineers are not looking at the drawing they doing with their experience. But most of the time if one single wire is missing the entire electrical work will be jammed and it will be serious accident. Not only for electrical these issues can happens in many services such as gas supply, water supply, has communications etc. so these thing are deteriorated the building. When we talking about faulty materials failure of client, architect, builder, designer reject substandard materials. The other most common issue is in adequate inspection of material by supplier or receiver. For these issues first wrong point is planning. As before we discuss before we starting a project or ongoing a project we need have a plan. Most of the site what the do is when the materials are finished then only them buying the other load of materials. But some sites what they do is they bring up the materials for every one weak. So the wastage or the other issues are not over coming. Other big issue is in site there is no selected place to unload the materials. So most of the time transport cost is very mush of higher. So faulty materials are mainly cause for the building deterioration. When we talking about the moisture atmospheric, they also can harmful for the building can deteriorate the building. Talking about the moisture, penetration of the external fabric or through the ground floor constructions giving to dampness which may create a suitable condition for fungi growth and attack. So it will harmful for the foundations the building materials. So what we can do is keep the building materials in dry states reduce the deterioration in building. Sometimes faulty plumbing also can harmful for building. Because sometimes when the plumbing works do out of copper or steel, chemicals of the soil react with the pipes. Because of that that bearing capacity of the soil reduces it can deteriorate the structure of the building and foundation. Also we know when underground pipe leaks happen that also cause for the structure of the building. When we talking about atmospheric issues wind, rain sun are mainly occur to the reaction of the structural form of the building. It can mainly cause for the structure and mainly for external finishes. Because when rain falls it hit to the external walls and the moisture, water will effect to the wall. The other thing is in foreign counties, the atmospheric condition is cold and snowy weather. So this kind of whether type is mainly cause for the building and for the roofing structure. Talking about faulty design poor detailing at the design stage, insufficient allowance for expansion or contraction, incorrect place damp proof courses, poor jointing between different materials and components, poor specifications, lack of adequate considerations of future maintenance are main issues for deteriorating building. The main thing is after putting the foundation we need to have place damp proof cause. Why we need damp proof cause is when we not putting DPC the water will go through the foundation and rubble work things. So it will mainly cause for the structure of the building. Other thing is when we doing a design we need to have proper detail plan including specifications such as plumbing, electrical works etc. so when there is no proper details on the plan sometimes the workers cannot do their work properly. Sometimes plumbing workers cant do their plumbing things correctly because sometimes when we are doing the plumbing recently we are founding obstracles.so they ca nt do their work properly. So faulty design also deteriorate in building. We can see all these issues mainly cause for the building deteriorations. What we can do is minimize these issues and do our work maintain the building every given period of time. It can keep the building maximum time period. Need of planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance Talking about maintenance, maintenance is a regular expenditure of a small amount of maintenance funds is much better for a building and more cost effective than large injections of capital to carry out major repairs of a building. It means maintenance is defined as continues protective care of fabric and contents of a building. it may be weekly, monthly or yearly according to the building and nature. When we talking about practice of a conservation most of the people think once the building is completed its does not maintain or look for many years. Why they think like this is they spend large amount of money for this project and the through that the contractor do their work well and no need to maintain. But many major repairs to buildings could not have been prevented if buildings are properly maintained. Building maintenance has become major part in construction industry earlier days now a day. Because in earlier taking about historical building they are not such historical buildi ngs, they are building up and as well as they programme the future maintenance also. Because of that we can see the historical building same as past years. Taking about more of building maintenance we can categorized such as cyclical, planned and reactive maintenance. Cyclical maintenance is starting with daily routine and working up with a programme of daily, weekly, monthly, yearly and every 5 years. It means that cyclical maintenance is carried out to preserve the facades of the building and ensure that the fittings and fixtures remaining in good condition. For every five year routine architect and surveyor is responsible to check the defect of the building. The types of cyclical maintenance carried out under local authority. For the surveyors and architects have to look for things and checking such as replacement of water pipes and tanks, replacement of booster and transfer pumps, cleaning out all voids places, checking the electrical installations, checking out whether there is a deterioration sign in the building, cleaning out gutters etc. additionally if the client wants we can do things such as repairing and redecorating, rewir ing, reroofing etc. depending on the nature of the maintenance cyclical maintenance can divide in to two categories such as day to day maintenance and maintenance including builders work. Talking about day to day maintenance, means the things which can do by the building owner without any help of or without any worker employ by outside. Because when contractor hand over the building we need have simple day to day maintenance such as cleaning gutters and leaves, cleaning out downpipes and drainage, removing plant growth for masonry, checking out the timber whether the insect attacks, checking out the windows and doors etc. talking about maintenance including builders work, means the builder have to carry out annual basis such works including replacing of broken tiles, gutters, downpipes; cleaning out air-condition systems, checking out all fire detecting systems etc. these are the thing which we have to do under the cyclical maintenance. Talking about planned maintenance in a building, maintenance of building is most effective thing when carry out on a planned cycle. When we plan the maintenance it will extend the life and preserve the appearance of the building. Planned maintenance is more similar to the historical building which the made out with plan to keep up thousands of years. Planned maintenance is benefits because no need large scale of work when there isnt any plan maintenance. Using planned maintenance programme should be far lesser that the cost resulting using the unplanned maintenance. The thing is before we doing the planned maintenance we need to list out what the task we need to maintenance of the building such as roofs, rainwater disposal systems, external walls, internal structure, building services etc. then we need to carry out who are the people who responsible for this selected tasks such as building contractors, electrical contractors, engineers, unskilled labours etc. then we need to decide w hat kind of maintenance planned we need to have such as occasional plan, regular plan or the cyclical plan. Then we need to carry out maintenance according to the maintenance plans. This will give as easier to do out work according to the plan. Talking about reactive maintenance while a thing breaks down fixing quick as possible is very important for people. This is the day to day work that is required to be correct component failures and ensure that as far as possible. There are some works have to be do according to the reactive maintenance such as repairing a broken pane of glass, leaking taps or unblocking a drain. The thing is occasionally these kind of works are much more expensive including serious incident such as floods, stome damages, unsafe things in the building etc. before we doing the maintenance we have to check whether this work be major or minor in cost. Relationships between design, construction, maintenance and cause of dilapidation. Talking about this question there are close relationship between design, construction maintenance in a building. Because when we are starting a project we need to have design, construction maintenance. Talking about the design of a building the architect, engineering technical applications are mainly based on a building design. The thing is before we starting a project we need to have correct drawing with specifications to take an idea about the selected project which we are going to construct. Because design is the evidence we have how to do the construction according to the correct methods. So we can see design part is combined with the construction part directly. In the planning things there are close relationship between design and construction. Actually design is a systems which creating a new facilities including the specifications detail plans. Talking about the construction, Construction is a process of identifying activities requirement according to the design. Because any type of construction begins with design. According to the design we can starts the project. Imagine without any design what will happen to the project which we are doing. Why Im saying like this is theres no any design or specification we cant build up the project without any single error. Because sometimes there have a standard design, but there will be an error. So we need to have design to construct a building. So we can see there is a special relationship between design construction. Not only the design construction, maintenance also in relationship between these two. Because when we doing any construction project according to the design, after finishing the w hole project we need to have day to day maintenance for the building. Because many kind of causes can happens to the building. So we need to have maintain plan to keep the building for many years and protect the building. Talking about the maintenance, maintenance means to hold, keep, sustain or preserve the building or structure to an acceptable standard. It means which sustain the value of the facility. The thing is when the construction is finished we need to maintain the building. We can maintain the building in three ways such as major repairs or restoration, periodic maintenance and day to day maintenance. The main thing is construction people who do the project want to check the maintenance of the building named as architect and surveyor. Most of the time building owner does the day to day maintenance. Another thing we all know is when we design a plan including specifications we need to have special maintenance plan to maintain the building. But maintain is not depend on the design, its depends on how the people are using the building. When we dont have any plan of maintenance of the building, sonly building will dilapidation in 2-3 years. So there is a special relationship between maintenance and dilapidation. Talking about dilapidation, dilapidation means a building or thing disrepair for many years and the building or thing cant take for any kind of use or it started to decay. Actually for the dilapidation mainly cause the people who owner the building. When talking about the dilapidation there are many causes we can see in a building such as building get unstable, crakes are pointing on the floors, water leaks in the building, crakes is the walls. So we can see these causes are mainly based in maintenance. Sometimes building will dilapidate because of not maintaining the building for several years, not cleaning the building or the area etc. we can see building dilapidation is mainly combined with the maintenance. When we are not doing the maintenance properly the building get caught for the dilapidation. So there are various kind of relationship between design, construction, maintenance and dilapidation. When we are doing a project these things are combining with each other and act like one single entity. So these things are very useful when we are handling a project. Conclusions Above I mentioned that technology is very important thing in our day today life. In this report Im discussing causes of deterioration in buildings and their services. Human Chemicals Atmospheric Structural Moisture Fire Faulty design Faulty construction Faulty materials etc. Then Im discussing what are the needs of planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance. Finally Im discussing about the relationship between design, construction, maintenance and the cause of dilapidation.

Kid Nobody Could Handle Essay -- essays research papers

In the short story, The Kid Nobody Could Handle, by Kurt Vonnegut, the main character of the story is George Helmholtz. He lives in a small town with his wife, is the head of the music department at the local high school and the director of the band. He is the most important person in the story because he is the only one, not psychiatrists, and foster parents, to make a difference in Jim’s life. Throughout the story, George is determined and hopeful, lonely, and fixated with the beauty of music. George Helmholtz, as the head of the music department at Lincoln High School, is very determined with his regular students and the gifted musicians of the band. Each semester and year at school he dreams of â€Å"leading as fine a band as there was on the face of the earth. And each year it came true†. His certainty that it was true was because he believed there was no greater dream than his. His students were just as confident and in response, they played their hearts out for them. Even the students with â€Å"no talent played on guts alone† for Helmholtz. After George catches Jim Donnini trashing the laboratory, he tells him that if all the schools were destroyed there would be no hope left, â€Å"The hope that everybody will be glad he’s alive†. His determination does not just touch his music students, all through the story he tries many ways to get through to Jim, finally at the end he succeeds. â€Å"George glanced at Jim Donnini, who sat at the last seat of the worst trumpet section of the wors...

Gay marriage Essay

Homosexual marriage is one of the old but controversial issues around the world. Compared to the past, it seems to become a more open debate among people. At the same time, people seem to be more swayable than before, but towards the gay marriage, different voices have still been hovering in the air. Gay people and their supporters have been striving for their rights to get married legally, while others who against gay marriage have never stopped deterring it. Strongly against gay marriage is the central theme of Louis P. Sheldon’s article Gay Marriage â€Å"Unnatural†. According to the author’s views, gay marriage is ‘unnatural’, and it is contrary to the essence of the marriage. Meanwhile, it disobeys Americans social values as well as against their standards. In explaining his perspectives, the author has stated that â€Å"homosexual marriage† is rejected by main Americans according to the polls. In particular, he assumes that gay marriage is both culturally and physically incompatible since the gay people lack of reproduction capacity, to do so, third person has to be involved, which violates the nature of marriages. Drawing on to sustain his views, the author claims that the majorities’ wishes and values of their communities have been unconcerned by judges. Instead, the gay people start to gain more special rights from the judicial tyranny throughout America. Therefore, churches might have to face civil suit for failing to perform homosexual marriage. To reinforce his views, the author insists that it is a chosen behaviour rather than genetic because no reputable medical organizations have ever asserted that is biological. Finally, in the article, Sheldon has restated the poll that 80 percent of Americans are opposed to homosexuals marriage. How believable though, is his statements that according to every reputable public poll approximately 80 percent of Americans are against the same sex marriage? First of all, cogitation on the data, which the author draws on to  support his views, are required. The numbers he presented seem attractive and persuasive, but it is worth noting that no source has been provided for them, so readers do not know how trustworthy they are. In my view, it would be more convincing for example to try referencing the data in his claims like the quoted above as well as the gay people’s average income is twice higher than that of non-gay people in America, and his figures will not be questioned. The author of this article can therefore be criticised here for a lack of citation of sources to back up his views. Another questionable aspect of this article is its hidden premises. Although the author does not openly state that the marriage should be generational, otherwise they should get divorce, this could be understood from the authors’s statement that gay marriage is â€Å"not generational†. While marriage is not only about generating offspring but also means love. It is an insulting claim for the couples who in love but unfortunately could not have children might because fertility problems, health issues, over age, their chosen life style of Dink family, so do they have to separate with each other just because of that? Is it really the essence of marriage? I do not think so. In my view, whether to have kids or not in couples’ marriage lives, it is a matter that couples, including gay couples need to consider and judge not by other irrelevant people, and it should not be an excuse to despoil others rights to get married. Anyhow, the quality of this article has been deg raded due to the hidden premises. The author also commits the fallacy of unsubstantiated claims. He insists that â€Å"Homosexuality is a behaviour-based life-style.† However, there is no further explanations on why he asserts that can be found in this article. Besides, it seems that he also has no evidence to proof that is a chosen behaviour. Furthermore, he mentions that homosexuality people only take up 10 percent of the whole population in America, while the data he referred is not substantiated. Despite these shortcomings, Sheldon’s article still has some value and we need to judge it in terms of the author’s purpose in writing it. It is not intended to be a rigid piece of academic work, but is mainly focused on  arousing people’s attention as well as persuading them to against the legalisation of gay marriage. Therefore, the author has employed loaded words in this piece which have greatly improved the pothos of the article. For example, he uses â€Å"a dead – end street†, â€Å"hardware problem†, â€Å"judicial tyranny†, â€Å"cry the shrillest claim of victimhood†, â€Å"single out† and â€Å"sanitise†. These words could easily grasp readers emotions and lead them act immediately without further considered judgment. Finally reaches his purpose of writing this article. Personally, I think he has successfully applied loaded words in this article.

Better Player Essays - African-American Culture, Rapping, Reggaeton

Better Player Essays - African-American Culture, Rapping, Reggaeton Better Player Many different genres of music express different feelings and ideas about social behaviors. Even if the ideas are not commonly accepted, artists can use their music to express themselves. One type of popular music that does just that is rap. The beginnings of rap are believed to have stemmed from African rhythms, which were used as a form of communication by the native peoples. Rap evolved and gained in popularity in the 1960's when a few revolutionary DJ's, including Kool DJ Herc, DJ Lovebug Starski, and DJ Hollywood, began to work block parties in the Bronx. They would bring in large speakers, hook them up to a turntable and play two of the same record at the same time, repeating the same section of the vinyl over and over by scratching it. Other performers would chant and yell to the crowd. In 1979, music companies recorded rap for the first time. Such acts as The Sugar Hill Gang, The Fatback Band, and Grandmaster Flash were among the first to gain popularity. The early popularity of rap was hindered by an inability to reach new audiences. After much controversy, MTV began to run videos by black artists. These artists were showcased primarily on the new program Yo! MTV Raps. The rhythms and the lyrics attracted a spectrum of listeners, from inner-city minorities to suburban upper-class whites. Even with rap musics relatively large following, it is not commonly accepted by our society because many of todays rap artists use crude and offensive themes for their songs. Some rap artists even express how they feel about sex roles through their music. One such song by Too Short, Better Player, demonstrates how he truly feels about women. Although his feelings do not represent the whole rap community, many do accept and express them. Too Shorts song describes how no one is a better player than him. When he refers to player, he is talking about how smooth he is with women and how he is able to make them do things that he wants them to do. He refers to women more as possessions than as people often. One example of this is when he says, chilling at the club with all your women, which sounds like he owns the women and that they are not there on their own free will. The main theme of this song is that women are powerless creatures who are only good for one thing, sex. He proves this when he says, I be f*****g hoes every day of the week. He looks at sex from a different perspective than the average person. To him, sex is just something pleasurable with no relation to love. He also doesnt believe that sex should be reserved for one person after marriage. He demonstrates this when he says, I get some new hoes and do it again. The idea of dominance over women is also apparent when he refers to them as bitches and hoes. Most people would take serious offense to being called things like bitches and hoes, but it is an everyday thing among many rap artists. Although many people agree with Too Shorts standpoints on women, these ideas do contradict current social values. Current values hold women as equals to men, and sometimes even higher than men. Women have been held as low class citizens for many years, and if anyone should understand how this feels, African American rappers should. Maybe growing up in ghettos and being around drugs have caused these rappers to have so much disrespect for themselves that it seems nature to disrespect the opposite sex.

Compare And Contrast The Depiction Of London In Upon Westminster Bridge and From A London Drawing Room Essays

Compare And Contrast The Depiction Of London In Upon Westminster Bridge and From A London Drawing Room Essays Compare And Contrast The Depiction Of London In Upon Westminster Bridge and From A London Drawing Room Paper Compare And Contrast The Depiction Of London In Upon Westminster Bridge and From A London Drawing Room Paper Essay Topic: Literature Upon Westminster Bridge sets the scene with the title. The view from Westminster Bridge is what the inspired the poet. From a London Drawing Room gives us the location but also an insight into the poets lifestyle, as only the wealthy had drawing rooms so it shows the poet is quite well off. The location (being the drawing room) means the room is possibly quite dull. As drawing rooms were often used as quiet places for knitting or smoking. This could have influence on the poets negativity during the poem. The setting is very different from Upon Westminster Bridge, Both from the poets writing location (The drawing room) and also the view from the window the poet is looking out of, which could have influence on what the poet sees or hears which effects the poem overall. Upon Westminster Bridge is a 14 line Petrachan sonnet which shows the poets love for the city (as sonnets were usually written about love). The poem is split with a volta after 8 lines which divides the sections. After the volta the poet seems more engaged with his own emotions. The poem is written in first person as an observer of London, giving his own feelings towards London and personal experiences. The rhyme scheme is A,B,B,A,A,B,B,A,C,D,C,C,D,C, the regular amount of rhyming gives it an upbeat more positive feel . The tone is tranquil and it seems the poet is awestruck at Londons greatness. The poem is set in the morning, as stated in line 5. This means London will be quiet and peaceful compared to one written in rush hour where there would be many people trying to move about. From a London Drawing room is written in third person as an observer of London. It has 19 lines and is written in blank verse. It has a consistent rhythm to show the monotony of the buildings she can see from the drawing room and the dullness of it all. The fact there is no rhyme could also reflect the dullness and monotony of the buildings. The tone is pessimistic and gives a very negative view of London using lots of phrases with a negative connotation. There is also no mention of the time or day in From a London Drawing Room but looking at some lines referring to cabs, it could well be rush hour which would affect the poet compared to Upon Westminster Bridge which was written in the peace of the morning. Upon Westminster Bridge begins positively. Earth has not anything to show more fair The poet is being hyperbolic in saying theres nothing more beautiful in the world than London. The poet then makes the point that youre dull if you dont believe this: Dull would he be of soul who could pass by which is even referring to the spiritual side of a person in saying soul. The poet continues explaining his obvious love for the city. By using the word majesty. This illustrates how meaningful London is to the poet. Wordsworth uses personification in comparing London to a person, wearing garments. This city now doth like a garment wear Wordsworth makes the city seem more real by personifying it in making it wear clothes. He uses garment which is also an upper class term making it seem more majestic as he stated in the line before. The poet then discusses the setting of the poem and creates a tranquil and natural feel The beauty of the morning; Silent, bare. Wordsworth uses what are quite often negative words such as silent and bare in a positive way, in the fact it lets him admire London. Wordsworth then names a list of man made objects. Ships, towers, domes, theatres and temples lie. Wordsworth then contrasts the man made buildings with the beauty of the natural world. Open unto the fields and to the sky, has a positive connotation and blends London into the natural world. He comments on the cleanliness of the air All bright and glittering in the smokeless air using upbeat words with a positive connotation such as Bright and Glittering to make London seem a better place. The rest of the sestet is based around the natural world and begins with: never did the sun more beautifully steep showing the poets feelings about that particular day, It is the most beautiful the sun has ever been. This view of London has a calming effect Neer saw I, Never felt a calm so deep The phrase could refer to Wordsworths soul when he says so deep, that the effect has even reached a spiritual level. Wordsworth emits a feeling of freewill The River Glideth at his own sweet will The poet uses this line to suggest a sense of freedom, in that the river can glide at the pace it wants to, it has the choice. The penultimate line of the sonnet starts with the exclamation Dear God! the poet thanks god for the beauty of the city in this exclamation. The last line creates a feeling the city could spring to life later: And all that mighty heart is lying still! This line uses personification to make the city seem more life like when he emphasises the city is sleeping. But also to indicate that like a human it could come to life at any point From A London Drawing Room begins with a feeling of emotion expressed mainly through weather. The sky is cloudy, yellowed by smoke Eliot uses pathetic fallacy to suggest the yellowed smoke comes from factories that are polluting in the age of industrialisation. The next line outlines Eliots boredom For view there are the houses opposite This continues the negative connotation for the fact the houses are probably dull, and its all Eliot can see. Eliot then uses words with a negative connotation and with a pessimistic tone: Cutting the sky with one long line of wall is suggesting the man made wall is scarring the beauty of the natural world. The phrase also uses alliteration to suggest the continuous boring pattern and the way nothing changes. Another line which creates a very negative feeling about London is Like solid fog: far as the eye can stretch The poet uses the simile of fog as it is impenetrable to show the monotony of London to the poet and how tedious and uninspiring it is. Eliot then explains that poets cant gain any inspiration from the scene and it stifles their imagination Without a break to hang a guess upon. This metaphor is used to show there is nothing for the imagination to grasp. Eliot proceeds on to discuss how Londons dull nature and darkness effects the natural world No bird can make a shadow as it flies which gives the impression London is very dark, and even the natural world cannot make it more pleasant. Eliot then suggests London is covered up when Elliot says By thickest canvas, where the golden rays are clothed in Hemp Hemp is a thick material and the poet is suggesting that the hemp is blocking out the sun, Eliot is using the hemp as a metaphor for the pollution suggesting it blocks out the sun. The poet also uses personification in suggesting London wears clothes. Eliot suggests none of the London citizens ever stop to have a look round, No figures lingering pauses to feed the hunger of the eye Elliot uses words with negative connotation to suggest theyre always moving and dont ever take note of whats around them. This theme is then continued in the next line Or rest a little on the lap of life Again indicating the fact the people of London just continue their normal lives with no thought. Eliot then uses personification and suggests that cars, cabs and carriages all act in the same way, hurrying along the personification makes it seem as if everything is just running in a system. The poet returns to the idea that everyone acts the same in the line All closed, in multiplied identity. The last three lines are the opinions of the poet and state that London is like one giant prison and that everyone is enslaved, With lowest rate of colour warmth and joy this is pessimistic when conveying the lack of colour feeling and emotion within London. The two poems in comparison are very different. They both have very conflicting views on London, and both poets mention London in different ways. Upon Westminster Bridge conveys London very highly in an optimistic way whereas From A London Drawing Room is much the opposite and looks at the negatives. It has a pessimistic tone throughout. In phrases such as Like solid fog: far as the eye can stretch which create a gloomy feeling. The poems despite being very different at first glance have many comparisons between them. They both talk about the air one describing it as Glittering in the smokeless air the other saying yellowed by smoke this shows the comparison of the poets views. Both poets also express views on the man made structures and the natural world and compare the effect London has on it. Such as Cutting the sky with one long line of wall which is used in From A London Drawing Room. Upon Westminster Bridge Combines the two and discusses their beauty and magnificence whereas From A London Drawing Room takes feels that London is killing the beauty of the natural world with its dark nature. Both poems are even similar to the extent they use the same aspect of personification in using garments or material to have an effect on the city but once again one is the positive garment and the other is heavy and dull Hemp. Overall despite the poems being very different in their depiction of London they share lots of similarities, in how they describe the city and natural world despite taking the conflicting views on it.

The Detrimental affects of the internet on young minds Research Proposal

The Detrimental affects of the internet on young minds - Research Proposal Example Many young people, having grown up with online friends, seem to have lost the ability to discern the difference between real and virtual. What kind of effect would this have on their real-world relationships? The prevalence of real-time role-playing games shared with friends over the always-on internet connection blurs this boundary between the real world environment and the imagined world to an even greater degree. What effect would this have on a young person’s concepts of the real? How would the combined effects of warped real-world relationships and warped concepts of real-world environment function to shape the young person’s perception of life or development of a world-view? As this field is a relatively new one, it is imagined that there is not a lot of research available yet on these topics. The present research is thus designed to discover if these types of negative effects of internet use are truly manifest within this first generation. Rather than attempting to lead the research with these questions specifically in mind, the goal of the present investigation will be to explore the central question of what are the detrimental effects of the internet on young minds as identified by professionals and as recognized by young people? To gain answers to the research question, a search of available literature on the topic will be conducted. The purpose of starting with the literature review is to understand what has been written on the topic already and to determine whether previous research supports my hypotheses regarding the detrimental effects of the internet on a young person’s mind. From this vantage point, the next stage of the research will be to develop a survey to distribute among professional psychologists and counselors who work on a regular basis with young people and a survey to distribute among young people.

Bahrain International Circuit (BIC) formula 1 PowerPoint Presentation

Bahrain International Circuit (BIC) formula 1 - PowerPoint Presentation Example To begin with, cell Phones have got many different features and purposes that have helped the society in various ways. The primary features of Cell Phones especially Smartphone include Internet application services and money transfer services (Vats Web). Most current account customers can instantly send or receive cash using their smart phones. An individual with a smart phone can accept credit card payments quickly, securely from anywhere. This feature, which is easy to set up, allows a user to key transactions and adds a credit card swiper to take advantage of low rates. Smartphone allows use of master account by linking many accounts to create an enterprise level solution. These features make it easier to do business from any corner of the world. Customers with Smartphone can now scan in their checks deposit from anywhere. The issue of mailing checks or making queues at the ATM is long overdue to Smartphone users using the Mobile PC deposit app. In addition, cell Phones have numerous internet application features that have to a great extent benefited their users. Smartphone uses web browsers of very high quality that can be used to browse internet with ease compared to other standard phones (Vats Web). The Smartphone can be connected to the laptops to access the internet and some Smartphones have expandable memories and powerful processors that help in storing large media data and can be used to connect to stream media from internet media providers. Smartphone, by using app such as Open Garden allows users to share mobile web access by forming a mesh network by connecting it to laptops. Interestingly, a Smartphone user can participate in teleconferencing by using noise cancelling handset to reduce noise and using the Smartphone timer to manage the teleconferencing duration. Moreover, the big memory in the Smartphone and powerful processors allow users to download songs games and videos anytime (Vats Web). Some Cell Phones enable live streaming

The Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Business Plan - Essay Example rder to create their own imagined designs of the cakes and in turn help our bakers to have as many designs as possible; hence our business will stand out among others. We value good customer service and therefore we will make sure that our service is up to date with the ever changing technology. This will keep us to the mark of competition and remain friendly to the customers. The bakery will belong to the partnership of 5 people. There are no bakeries in the area and therefore this will give us a break through. We only have few competitors as threats one of the major competitions is the big supermarkets, Milton, marsh and best choice bakery. Although economy has gone from good to bad it has not affected the bakery industry. â€Å"The consumer price index for food, an indicator of bakery product values, rose 4.7 percent in September 2011 compared to the same month in 2010† (â€Å"Hoovers†). We will focus on the changes in customers’ needs such as preference, pleasure, health, and convenience. Middle class citizens are mainly our targets. But we will also give the lower class people and opportunity to access our products in a well created section in our bakeries. These sections will have breads and cakes from one day old. We are going to have average prices but keep up to date the quality and quantity in our production. Our objective is to be able to attract from 200 customers and above. We expect the customers of all ages and regardless of their sex, religion, color, or race. If our prediction goes right, we will be able to make about $500 in any single day and this will translate into $13000 in a month. Because of the current technology we will be able to contact our customers through internet. That is by the use of all available social sites such as face book, twitter and so on. By having our own website we will be able to display all our products and service to hundreds of potential customers. We also plan on advertising our business to the local dailies,

Are Turkish Dramas Evading Our Culture Essay Example for Free

Are Turkish Dramas Evading Our Culture Essay The foreign dramas are attacking our culture and these are not according to our culture After a contentious time of the Indian dramas, now numerous Turkish plays are giving rise to curious hype not only in our television drama industry but also in the minds of the general public. As a matter of fact, it is true that our local drama production is invoking the interests of thousands and millions of viewers and most of these spectators are finding these plays appealing enough to follow. However, in recent times it has been noticed that some foreign television content is trying to induce a substantial place in our country. Unfortunately, somehow a Turkish serial â€Å"ISHQ-E-Mamnoon† was aired out and after a few weeks it ended up by getting exultant high ratings. After the broadcast of this particular play, a slipstream is started among the different TV channels to get foreign content and present to the public, in order to gain high ratings. When broadcasters and people are basking this dubbed â€Å"so called† change, they forgot to think all this activity is turning out to be a veridical threat to the local industry as well as the integrity and culture of our nation. There is also a small group of people who is trying to back up these serials, but I think these people might disremember what Indian dramas have done with our acculturation in the recent past. Because of these plays, our adolescents (especially girls) have started out to follow their language. In fact, several words were became the part of their vocabulary and they used these words into their normal discussions. After ascertaining the severity of this issue our civil society and television industry have taken some measures and banned all the Indian channels. But now we have to cope with another scourge which is a lot more dangerous than the previous one. We need to observe what sort of message these Turkish dramas are trying to convey? Are the stories of these plays fair enough to watch with our parents, brothers and sisters? Of course not and that is the main reason why it is considered as infectious to our culture and nation by our producers, writers, actors, directors and now public as well. These Turkish serials are full of bold scenes, which is totally against our moral values and they are just becoming the cause of raising the level of grossness and vulgarity. All in all, our music and film industry is neither cohesive nor strong. This is only the television industry that is producing high caliber dramas and bringing out the talent nd acting of impeccable quality and it should not have to endure the same issues as our film and music industry are confronting. Apart from our cultural and moral values, these Turkish serials are also threatening the future of thousands of actors, directors, cameramen, writers, producers, spot boys and other individuals who are directly or indirectly associated with our local drama industry. Although, a good and positive aspect is that our actors are united and they are unitedly saying the Turkish or any other foreign content should not hijack the viewership of our local dramas. If we take a close look at the history of subcontinent then it is not very hard to find the same interference of the popular East India Company that eventually became the main reason of Subcontinent’s separation. However, right now things are quite under control and still it is too long to anticipate any resemblance with this specific issue. Although our government must have to take impertinent and smart actions in order to avoid the drastic effects on our culture as well as on economy which is depending on our drama and entertainment industry.

Events Of The Year 1793 Essays -- essays research papers

Laurie Halse (rhymes with "waltz") was born on October 23, 1961 in Potsdam, New York, to Methodist minister Frank A., Jr. and manager Joyce Holcomb Halse. The author says that she decided to become a writer in second grade. Her teacher taught the class how to write haiku. She enjoyed it a lot and hopes that every second grader will learn to write poetry. Halse soon started reading library books for hours. The magic of the elementary school library came alive in life. Heidi, one of Halse's favorite books, sparked her interest in foreign cultures. Halse's creative thoughts began as a child. For instance, Halse recalls trudging through the snow on her way to school. She imagined that she had changed into an enormous polar bear. Writing also started as a little girl for Halse. She enjoyed watching her father write poetry and read the comics spread out on his office floor. She used her father's old typewriter for hours, writing newspaper columns, stories, and letters. Halse declares that the dictionary is her favorite book. As a senior in high school, Halse visited Denmark as an American Field Service exchange student. She lived on a pig farm and learned to speak Danish. The author obtained an associate of arts degree in 1981 from Onandaga County Community College. She married Gregory H. Anderson, chief executive officer of Anderson Financial Systems, on June 19,1983. They raised two children: Stephanie and Meredith. The author earned a bachelor of science in Languages and Linguistics (B.S.L.L.) degree in 1984 from Georgetown University. Laurie Halse Anderson belongs to the Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators (SCBWI). Anderson organized the SCBWI's Fall Conference in Philadelphia from 1994 to 1996. She decided to write Fever 1793 after reading a newspaper article in August of 1993 that explained the yellow fever epidemic that devastated Philadelphia 200 years earlier. The U.S. capital in 1793, Philadelphia served as the political and cultural hub of the nation. Anderson believed these ingredients would create a story with strong elements of conflict and a rich background. She also suspected that stories written about this period were rare. Moreover, her upbringing near Philadelphia inspired her to begin research. Researching the idea proved to be no simple task, however. It took two years. Anderson read about the period's archit... ...is quickly becoming. When Nell contracts yellow fever, Mattie and Eliza follow the French medical treatment: fresh air, rest, and fluids. Her suggestion works, and Nell heals. Nell symbolizes hope for a brighter future, and she enables Mattie to take on the responsibility of adulthood. At the novel's resolution, Mattie's character transforms as she realizes that she must persevere. She knows that she has many choices. Mattie cultivates her friendship with Nathaniel. She opens up the coffeehouse with Eliza as her partner and begins to implement her dreams for a growing business. Nell stays with her and depends on her like a mother. Lucinda returns from the country in ill health. Forced into a life of leisure, Lucinda must also depend on and trust in Mattie to run the coffeehouse. Lucinda begins to respect Mattie's choices and to treat her with respect and compassion. Anderson does an excellent job of developing believable characters with realistic themes set against a rich background. She shows how this disease changed her characters, much as horrific life events change real lives. Young adults will emerge from this novel with a sense of hope, perseverance, and understanding.

business math paper -- essays research papers

Annuities Businesses, financial institution, and other organizations invest in annuities to raise money to pay such expenses as bond debts, notes due, or stock dividends. They also invest in annuities to provide for future needs, such as new facilities and equipment or employee retirement benefits. Individuals may purchase annuities, such as an Individual Retirement Account (IRA), or an insurance policy, from insurance companies, financial institutions, or securities brokers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An ordinary annuity is a series of regular payments where each payment is made at the end of the payment period. The payment period is the length of time between payments. Payments are usually made annually, semiannually, quarterly, or monthly. The term of the annuity is the length of time from the beginning of the first payment period to the end of the last payment period. The amount of the annuity is the sum of all payments plus their accumulated interest. Their amount is also called the cash value.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The amount of an annuity can be found by using the Amount of an Annuity table. The table lists the value of an annuity of $1 compounded at various rates for various time periods. To find the amount of an ordinary annuity using the annuity table, multiply the payment by the appropriate table value. The interest earned can be found by subtracting the sum of the payments from the amount of the annuity. For example: Brian purchased an ordinary an...

Create Your Own Weight Loss Pill Essay

In 2004, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ranked obesity as the number one health risk facing America. Obesity currently results in an estimated 400,000 deaths a year in the United States and costs the national economy nearly $122. 9 billion annually. Childhood obesity affects more than 15 percent of the population under 18 years old that is classified as overweight. Obesity not only impacts lifestyle but can also lead to lower self-esteem, cause depression and discomfort in social situations, and significantly diminish quality of life. Obesity also increases a person’s risk for developing serious obesity-related health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome. With this information and obesity playing such a role in today’s society I have decided to research and design my own weight loss supplement, using ingredients, herbs, extracts and vitamins that I know to be not only effective in helping men and women lose weight, but also relatively healthy considering how many different weight loss products and options there are for sale in America today. For my weight loss supplement I chose to use 5 select ingredients that I have personally used in some form or another through my time as a personal trainer and work out fanatic. My five ingredients are as follows; Caffeine Anhydrous, Green Tea Extract, L-Carnitine, Vitamin B-12 and Vitamin D3. My rationale for choosing these five ingredients is partly due to the restriction and limitations given to me by this assignment, but also because as I stated before I personally have seen weight loss results and know the potential benefits with each ingredient I listed and think they not only help individuals with weight management, specifically weight loss and appetite control, but also feel as though they are safe enough for the majority of men and women to take on a daily basis in order to help expedite the weight loss process, which can be so very difficult for people, specially as they age and their metabolism slows down. This supplement I will provide not only enhances metabolism but also directly targets fat on the persons body for use as energy during a workout, which in turn will help speed up the potential for weight loss and success in that persons exercise program, Obviously results will vary as with any supplement depending on the persons diet and consistency with their workouts, genetics, and potential other health limitations. Once again the five ingredients I chose were Caffeine, Green Tea, L-Carnitine, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D3. I will now discuss each supplement individually, their dosing in my product and exactly how each one will potentially help benefit the consumer in their weight loss efforts. I will then talk a little about the possible negative side effects and any other pertinent information someone might need while using this product. First, the king of all the metabolism boosting supplements, Caffeine Anhydrous; in my opinion nothing can potentially help people lose weight quicker and more effectively than good old Caffeine. Bodybuilders will actually use instant coffee grounds in their pre workout shakes sometimes in order to get that quick buzz of energy before a workout. It is in almost every weight loss product in stores today and everyone knows its positive side effects, primarily energy. The way I see it the more energy and higher metabolism you have during the day the more likely you are to go workout, eat less and more importantly lose fat in the process. The body loses weight fairly scientifically for the most part, calories in versus calories out. If someone is able to boost their metabolism and therefore burn more calories in a day than they are supposed to be consuming then weight loss should occur. Although research about the connection between caffeine and weight isn’t definitive, there are several theories about how caffeine might affect weight, including: †¢ Appetite suppression. Caffeine may reduce your desire to eat for a brief time, but there’s not enough evidence to show that long-term consumption aids weight loss. Calorie burning. Caffeine may stimulate thermogenesis — one way your body generates heat and energy from digesting food. But this probably isn’t enough to produce significant weight loss. †¢ Water loss. In some people, caffeine can act as a diuretic, which means it increases the amount of urine you excrete. This increase in urine output, mostly water loss, may temporarily decrease your body weight, but it doesn’t result in the loss of body fat. As you can see Caffeine on its own isn’t a total cure all for weight loss but its potential positive benefits far outweigh the negatives and combined with the 4 other ingredients in my supplement I believe weight loss will occur. I would dose the Caffeine Anhydrous at 150mg per pill, with that pill being taken twice daily on an empty stomach, hopefully once before a workout. My next ingredient in my weigh loss product is Green Tea Extract, specifically Camellia Sinensis, which is the pure extract form. I would combine this with the caffeine at 250mg per pill, also taken twice daily. Most importantly is the EGCG in the Green Tea. I would dose 125mg of the 250mg of Green Tea specifically as the EGCG form. EGCG is short for Epigallocatechin gallate, one of the active ingredients found in green tea. Recent studies on green tea and on EGCG itself have supported EGCG’s ability to assist in weight loss. ECGC has anti-oxidant properties. Anti-oxidants protect the body’s cells from free radicals. Free radicals are believed to be responsible for many diseases and conditions in the body including cancer, auto-immune diseases, and heart disease. EGCG is found in many weight loss aids in varying strengths. As well as being an anti-oxidant, EGCG, along with the caffeine in green tea, produce a thermogenic response in the body. Thermogenesis creates heat in the body and boosts the metabolic system, increasing the speed of adipose (fat) tissue breakdown. Several studies have backed up this claim and green tea and EGCG are considered the front-runners of weight loss ingredients. Next up on my list of ingredients in my weigh loss product is L-Carnitine. I would add 1000mg of L-Carnitine to my supplement, also to be taken twice daily. L-carnitine is a substance, made from amino acids, which helps your body burn fat for energy. Taking a carnitine supplement could potentially help promote weight loss and improve your exercise performance. L-carnitine works to convert fat into energy in your body and is used in many parts of your body, particularly your muscle tissues, according to the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Carnitine is found in dairy products and meats, but your body manufactures all it needs from methionine and lysine. In some people, carnitine production is inhibited, creating a deficiency. People who have certain genetic conditions, diabetes, liver cirrhosis and heart conditions all tend to have carnitine deficiencies. L-carnitine could help you lose weight by improving your fat-to-muscle ratio, or body composition, says the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Carnitine supplements are also sometimes used to improve athletic or exercise performance. Carnitine might potentially help to reduce your body’s fat mass and increase muscle mass, as well as reduce fatigue, notes the University of Maryland Medical Center. Having taken Carnitine myself for many years I have always felt that this supplement worked well on it’s own, but ultimately better when stacked in conjunction with other thermogenic and weight loss supplements such as Caffeine and Green Tea, which is why I chose to combine the three together for my weight loss product. Not only will there be potential health and weight loss benefits, but the negative side effects are few and far between which is hard to say for some of the more controversial weight loss supplements out there. Lastly I will talk about the two Vitamins I chose to add to my weight loss product; those being Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D3. Both of these vitamins are excellent for ones overall health but also may help increase metabolism and weight loss in individuals. Vitamin D3 stands out as one of the most overlooked yet most important nutrients for weight loss and a whole host of other disorders. The body has thousands of different receptors for vitamin D3 and its metabolites all over the body, helping to explain the wide variety of benefits attributed to the vitamin. It has been shown to benefit insulin resistance, cancer and autoimmune conditions, as well as maintaining strong bones. However, a vitamin D3 metabolite is also required to activate the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. Without this enzyme, the body cannot make dopamine. Low mood and reduced metabolism are the consequences (incidentally, this is what is commonly ‘diagnosed’ as Seasonal Affective Disorder and sees patients plied with anti-depressant medication). Vitamin D3 deficiency is on the rise throughout the Western world, as increasing numbers of individuals work through the daylight hours in offices, then cover themselves from head to toe in sunscreen when on holiday. Many other issues can play a role in the inability to lose weight, such as hormonal imbalance, fungal infection, dehydration, stress, but naturally all these issues are made worse by a lack of minerals. Nourishing your body with the level of vitamins and minerals it has evolved with should remain your first priority in any regime, especially when it comes to weight loss. I would add 1000IU of Vitamin D3 to my weight loss supplement to be taken twice daily.

Devils Disciples essays

Devil's Disciples essays The Devils Disciples Hoffer, Peter Charles (Baltimore: The John Hopkins University King James IIs rise to power in the 1680s became an extremely turbulent time for all under his reign. This was primary due to Catholic versus Protestant relations. Unlike his brother Charles II, James II openly professed his Catholic beliefs and granted religious freedom to all. Aside from religious toleration, his appointing of Catholics to high government posts enraged the Protestant colonialists even more. One individual was Governor Andros. He wrongfully imposed taxes, took way self-governing systems, ended jury trials, and oppressed Puritan beliefs. Peter Hoffer gives the reader an account of the Salem witch trials through the story of the Barbadian minister Parris, his daughter Betty, and his slave Tituba. In certain places, he eludes to mini-stories and small history explanations to help the reader better understand the Puritans way of thinking and Titunbas African back round. Parris is called to Salem Town for a temporary position. However, through a town feud between two powerful Puritan families, Parris position soon becomes permanent. Like all small Puritan villages, Salem Town is a struggling Utopia. After James II leaves the throne, Governor Andros is murdered. The evasive Utopia, lost governor, struggling economy, cold winters, and deadly sicknesses that plague Salem Town put the residences faith to a test. One might ask why the Puritans, a religious sect thought to be quite holy, should have the most witchery. Hoffer explains how the Puritans holy attitudes and beliefs are partially the cause of their problems. Each Puritan village is a highly structured and disciplined society. The goal of each of these settlements is to achieve Utopia or something close to it. They fail to reach anything close. Because of this, many Puritans blame their problems on outside forces. Althoug ...